Elderly people are particularly vulnerable to extreme temperatures and heatwaves, according to a notice from the Public Health Institute. Individuals over 65 find it more difficult to adapt to high heat conditions, and the risk is significantly increased for those suffering from chronic diseases or undergoing continuous medication treatments.
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The PHI points out that certain medications may alter the body’s response to heat, thus requiring extra caution during periods of extremely high temperatures.
To protect health, it is recommended that the elderly stay out of the sun, especially from 11:00 to 17:00, and avoid physical exertion and prolonged stays outdoors during peak heat. Clothing should be light, loose, and light-coloured, and wearing a wide-brimmed hat and sunglasses is advised. When exposed to the sun, it is essential to apply sunscreen with SPF 30 or higher. Particular emphasis is placed on hydration: PHI advises drinking water regularly, without waiting to feel thirsty. On hot days, alcoholic beverages should be completely avoided, and caffeine intake should be limited. Those who have been medically advised to restrict fluids should consult their doctor to determine the appropriate amount under these temperature conditions.
Maintaining a cool environment inside the home is also essential. It is suggested to use curtains and other means to block direct sunlight, and to ventilate rooms at times when it is cooler outside. If air conditioning is used, excessive cooling and sudden temperature fluctuations should be avoided.
PHI also advises that from 13:00 to 17:00, stoves, ovens, and other appliances that release additional heat into the environment should not be used. During periods of extreme heat, the body should be cooled regularly. This can be done through lukewarm or cooler showers, by applying wet towels to the body, or by staying in the coolest area of the home, or in an air-conditioned room, if possible.
People with chronic diseases should carefully follow protective guidelines and take prescribed medications regularly. PHI stresses that therapy should never be modified or discontinued without prior consultation with a doctor.
If changes or worsening of health condition occur, it is essential to contact your family doctor without delay.
The Institute recommends that the elderly maintain regular contact with family members, friends, and neighbours. This is especially important for those living alone, as timely communication can help detect any possible health changes more quickly and ensure appropriate help when needed.
