Houthi forces have rapidly expanded their control along Yemen’s southern Tihamah coast, capturing strategically important areas near the Red Sea. The development has weakened rival groups and heightened fears for the security of one of the world’s most vital maritime routes.
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Assessments indicate that the Iran-backed Houthis may have taken control of up to 130 kilometers of coastline. Their rapid advance caught rival forces unprepared and has shifted the balance on the ground after several years of civil war.
Before these developments, the anti-Houthi coalition, known as the National Resistance and backed by Saudi Arabia, controlled a large part of the Red Sea coast. But within just a few days, the Houthis seized a significant portion of these areas.
Experts warn that “the territorial gains may be difficult to reverse.” Hisham al-Omeisi, a senior analyst at the European Institute of Peace, assesses that the Houthis are now in a position that allows them to strengthen their presence, while removing them would require heavy costs.
The advance comes at a time when the role of Iranian support for the Houthis has become more important to Tehran. The weakening in the region of other actors linked to Iran has increased the strategic importance of the Yemeni group.
However, analysts emphasize that the Houthis should not be viewed solely as a force acting on Iran’s orders. They have independent objectives, structures and military capabilities, while their relationship with Tehran remains largely one of support and cooperation.
The main concern centers on Bab al-Mandab, the important strait that connects the Red Sea with the Gulf of Aden and, through the Suez Canal, with the Mediterranean. Control or influence over key areas near the strait could give the Houthis greater opportunities to threaten international maritime traffic.
