Study: Ultraviolet Radiation Has Increased in Europe, Raising Skin Cancer Risk

Ultraviolet radiation has increased significantly in many parts of Europe over the past decade, raising concerns about potential health consequences, including skin cancer and eye damage.

A new study shows that UV radiation levels in some European regions increased by 10 to 20 percent between 2013 and 2022.

The research was published in the scientific journal “Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences” and is based on data collected over ten years from 40 monitoring stations in 19 European countries.

According to the authors, this is the first time that an increase in UV radiation, previously identified only in certain countries, has been observed across a broader area of the continent.

Fewer Clouds, Greater UV Exposure

Researchers primarily link this trend to a decrease in cloud cover over Europe, a phenomenon that experts attribute to climate change.

By contrast, changes in the ozone layer appear to have played a smaller role in the increase in ultraviolet radiation recorded at the Earth’s surface.

The analysis used both measurements taken directly at ground stations and satellite data on radiation worldwide. More than 50 researchers from institutions in 19 European countries contributed to the study.

Effects on the Skin and Eyesight

Germany’s Federal Office for Radiation Protection (BfS) says that greater exposure to UV rays poses a growing threat to human health.

Ultraviolet radiation is the leading cause of skin cancer, while exposure can also damage the eyes.

In Germany, skin cancer ranks among the most common forms of the disease. Around 150,000 new cases of melanoma are recorded each year in European Union countries.

Experts stress that sun protection measures are becoming increasingly necessary, especially on days when the UV index is high.

The Need for Continuous Monitoring

The study’s authors emphasize that long-term monitoring of UV radiation in Europe is essential. Uninterrupted data series allow scientists to analyze differences between regions, the impact of the climate and trends that could have health consequences.

BfS President Inge Paulini says continuous, long-term measurements are essential to gain a clearer understanding of developments and assess the risks associated with them.

Experts are also calling for improved protective measures for the public. According to them, investing in urban green spaces and creating more shaded areas could limit people’s exposure to UV radiation while also protecting them from high temperatures.

The researchers recommend strengthening monitoring systems so that long-term changes can be documented and institutions can take more effective measures to protect public health./ DW